Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Properties of Ethanolic Extracts of Santalum Album (Indian Sandalwood) wood in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

 Antidiabetic Activity

 Animals

Male albino Wistar rats (150–200 g body weight were maintained under a constant 12-hour light and dark cycle at 21–23°C. The animals were maintained in accordance with the guidelines. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. Throughout the experimental period, all four groups of animals were fed with a normal laboratory chow standard pellet diet and water ad libitum.

Experimental Induction of Diabetes

Animals were allowed to fast for 12 h and were administered freshly prepared streptozotocin (STZ) (Himedia) at the concentration of 55 mg/kg bodyweight, i.p. in 0.1 mol/L cold citrate buffer, pH 4.5 . The STZ-treated animals were allowed to drink 5% glucose solution overnight to overcome drug-induced hypoglycemia. Rats having persistent glycosuria and hyperglycaemia with a fasting blood glucose >250 mg/dL on the third day after the STZ injection were considered diabetic and were used for further experimentation.

Experimental Design

Animals were divided into four groups, consisting of a minimum of six animals each, as follows: Group I, control rats receiving 0.1 mol/L citrate buffer (pH 4.5); Group II, diabetic control; Group III, diabetic rats were administered 100 mg/kg ethanolic extract of wood per day orally for 30 days; Group IV, diabetic rats were administered 10 mg/kg glibenclamide solution orally per day for 30 days.

One week after the induction of diabetes in Wistar rats, the fasting blood glucose levels of fasted rats were measured. Rats with blood glucose >250 mg/dL were included in the study. They were divided into four groups with six rats in each group. Doses of (100 mg/kg body weight) of the wood extracts were given every day till the completion of the experiment (i.e., 30 days), whereas untreated and diabetic control groups were given 0.1 mol/L citrate buffer every day orally.

At the end of the experiment, the blood was collected for biochemical studies. The serum was then separated by centrifugation and was either assayed immediately or stored at −20°C.

Biochemical Estimations

Blood was collected from the tail vein of the overnight fasting rat at 0th (before the start of the experiment), 3rd day, 10th day, 17th day, 24th day, and 30th day and the glucose levels were estimated by using Accu-Check Active glucometer. 

Weight of individual animals was measured gravimetrically on 0th and 30th days of the experiment. 

Urine glucose assessment is done by using Diastrips on 0th, 3rd day, 10th day, 17thday, 24th day and 30th day. 

The lipid profiles (total cholesterol, TG, HDL, and LDL) for all the four groups of animals were performed using commercially available kits

Glycogen content of liver was measured according to Van method 

#Rakfeshsantalumalbum

#RakfeshIndianSandalwood

#RakfeshAntidiabetics

#PharmaResearchProtocol

#PharmaScienceProtocol

#PharmaScienceAndDevelopment

#AyurvedaHezzard